Australian Foreign Minister Julie Bishop blamed Russia on Friday for the downing of a Malaysian Airlines passenger jet over eastern Ukraine in 2014, killing all 298 aboard, including 38 Australians.

Her comments came a day after an international team of investigators said the missile used to shoot down a MH17 belonged to a Russia-based military unit, following a painstaking study of video and photos of a military convoy.

The criminal investigation team "has concluded that the Buk Telar with which Flight MH17 was shot down is from the 53rd anti-aircraft missile brigade from Kursk in the Russian Federation," said Wilbert Paulissen, head of the Netherlands' National Crime Squad, referring to the missile system used.

It was the clearest link yet published by the investigators to the involvement of Russian military in the deadly surface-to-air missile strike on the Boeing 777, and it echoed findings published in 2016 by the Bellingcat investigative group.

"Australia and the Netherlands have now informed the Russian Federation that we hold it responsible under international law for its role in the bringing down of MH17. Australia and the Netherlands have requested Russia to enter into negotiations to open up a dialogue about its conduct and to seek reparations," Bishop told reporters in the southern city of Melbourne.

Russia has always denied involvement in the downing of Flight 17, which was en route from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, when it was blown out of the sky at 33,000 feet (about 10,000 metres) over war-ravaged eastern Ukraine on July 17, 2014.

Bodies, debris and burning wreckage were strewn over a field of sunflowers near the rebel-held village of Hrabove in the Donetsk region of eastern Ukraine, about 40 kilometres (25 miles) from the Russian border, where fighting had been raging for months.

On Thursday, Russia criticised the Joint Investigation Team, or JIT, for relying on claims by the Bellingcat investigative group.

The Russian Foreign Ministry also criticised the investigators for allegedly ignoring evidence provided by Russia, including radar surveillance of the airspace at the time of the flight.